How-to

IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL Error – How to fix it

The IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL error is a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) that occurs when a system process or a driver attempts to access a memory address without the proper authorization. This error can be caused by various factors, including incompatible or outdated drivers, faulty hardware, or software conflicts. To fix this error, follow these troubleshooting steps:

  1. Update your drivers:

Outdated or incompatible drivers can cause the IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL error. Make sure all your drivers, especially those related to graphics, network, and audio, are up-to-date.

  1. Press the Windows key + X and select “Device Manager.”
  2. Look for any devices with a yellow exclamation mark, indicating a problem with the driver.
  3. Right-click on the problematic device and select “Update driver.”
  4. Choose “Search automatically for updated driver software” and follow the on-screen instructions to update the driver.
  5. Restart your computer and check if the error is resolved.
  6. Check for hardware issues:

Faulty hardware, such as RAM or a faulty hard drive, can cause the IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL error. Perform a hardware check to identify any issues:

  1. Test your RAM using Windows Memory Diagnostic:
    a. Press the Windows key + S and type “Windows Memory Diagnostic” in the search bar.
    b. Click on the application and select “Restart now and check for problems.”
    c. The system will restart and run a memory test. If any issues are found, consider replacing the faulty RAM.
  2. Check your hard drive for errors:
    a. Open File Explorer and right-click on the system drive (usually C:).
    b. Select “Properties,” then click on the “Tools” tab.
    c. Under “Error checking,” click “Check” and follow the on-screen instructions.
  3. Uninstall recently installed software or hardware:

If the error started occurring after installing new software or hardware, there might be a compatibility issue or conflict. Uninstall the recently installed software or remove the hardware and check if the error persists.

  1. Disable or update third-party antivirus software:

Though rare some third-party antivirus programs may cause the IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL error. Disable your antivirus temporarily to check if it resolves the issue. If it does, consider updating or replacing your antivirus software.

  1. Perform a System Restore:

If the error started occurring recently, you could try performing a system restore to revert your system to a previous state when it was functioning correctly:

  1. Press the Windows key + S and type “System Restore” in the search bar.
  2. Click on “Create a restore point.”
  3. In the System Properties window, under the System Protection tab, click “System Restore.”
  4. Follow the on-screen instructions to select a restore point and complete the process.
  5. Check for Windows updates:

Ensure your system is up-to-date with the latest Windows updates, as they can sometimes resolve issues like the IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL error.

  1. Press the Windows key + I to open Settings.
  2. Click on “Update & Security.”
  3. Select “Windows Update” and click on “Check for updates.”
  4. Install any available updates and restart your computer if prompted.

If none of these solutions resolve the issue, the error might be due to a more severe underlying problem, such as a faulty motherboard or CPU. In this case, you may need to consult a professional technician for further assistance.

loganIRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL Error – How to fix it
read more

Running Low on Disk Space? Here are Eight Elegant Solutions

1. Delete Temporary Files:

Temporary files, such as those created by web browsers, can take up a significant amount of space on your hard drive. Use Disk Cleanup (built into Windows) or a third-party tool to delete temporary files.

There are several ways to delete temporary files on your computer:

1. Disk Cleanup: Disk Cleanup is a built-in utility in Windows that allows you to delete temporary files, system files, and other files that are no longer needed. To use Disk Cleanup, follow these steps:

– Open File Explorer and right-click on the drive you want to clean up (usually the C: drive).

– Click on “Properties” and then click on “Disk Cleanup.”

– Disk Cleanup will scan your drive for files that can be safely deleted. Check the boxes next to the types of files you want to delete (such as Temporary Internet Files or Recycle Bin) and click on “OK” to delete the files.

2. CCleaner: CCleaner is a third-party tool that can help you clean up temporary files, as well as other types of unnecessary files, such as browser caches and log files. To use CCleaner, follow these steps:

– Download and install CCleaner.

– Open CCleaner and click on “Run Cleaner.”

– CCleaner will scan your system for temporary files and other types of unnecessary files. Check the boxes next to the types of files you want to delete and click on “Run Cleaner” to delete the files.

3. Manually delete temporary files: You can also manually delete temporary files by following these steps:

– Press the Windows key + R to open the Run dialog box.

– Type “%temp%” (without quotes) and press Enter.

– This will open the folder where temporary files are stored. Select all files and folders in the folder and delete them.


2. Uninstall Unused Programs:

Programs that you no longer use can take up a lot of space on your hard drive. Uninstall any programs that you no longer need or use.

To uninstall unused programs on your computer, follow these steps:

1. Open the Start menu and click on “Settings” (gear icon).

2. Click on “Apps” (or “Apps & features”).

3. Scroll down the list of apps to find the program that you want to uninstall. You can also use the search bar at the top of the window to search for the program, or sort by “size” to determine which programs take up most of your disk space.

4. Click on the program you want to uninstall and then click on “Uninstall.”

5. Follow the prompts to complete the uninstallation process.

6. Repeat this process for any other unused programs that you want to uninstall.

Note: Some programs may have their own uninstaller, which can be found in the program’s folder or in the Control Panel under “Programs and Features.”

In some cases, uninstalling a program may leave behind files or registry entries. You can use a third-party uninstaller tool, such as Revo Uninstaller, to remove any remaining files or registry entries.


3. Delete Old Files

Delete any files that you no longer need, such as old documents, photos, or music files. To delete old files on your computer, follow these steps:

1. Open File Explorer.

2. Navigate to the folder where the files you want to delete are located. This could be your Documents, Downloads, or Pictures folder, for example. Most users don’t delete the files they download, so we recommend starting in the Downloads folder.

3. Sort the files by date modified to locate the older files. To do this, click on the “Date modified” column header in File Explorer.

4. Select the files that you want to delete. You can select multiple files by holding down the Ctrl key while clicking on the files.

5. Right-click on the selected files and choose “Delete” from the context menu. Alternatively, you can press the Delete key on your keyboard.

6. Windows will ask you to confirm that you want to delete the files. Click on “Yes” to confirm.

7. Repeat this process for any other old files that you want to delete.

Note: Be careful when deleting files as this action is permanent and cannot be undone. Make sure that you only delete files that you no longer need.

You can also use third-party tools, such as CCleaner or Disk Cleanup (built into Windows), to help you identify and delete old files. These tools can help you free up disk space and keep your computer running smoothly.


4. Use Cloud Storage:

Move files that you don’t need on your computer to cloud storage, such as Dropbox, Google Drive, or OneDrive.

To move your files to cloud storage, follow these steps:

1. Choose a cloud storage service: There are several cloud storage services available, such as Google Drive, Dropbox, OneDrive, and iCloud. Choose the service that best fits your needs.

2. Create an account: Create an account with the cloud storage service you have chosen. This will usually involve providing an email address and setting up a password.

3. Install the cloud storage app: Install the app for the cloud storage service you have chosen on your computer.

4. Upload files to cloud storage: Once you have installed the cloud storage app, you can upload files to it. To upload files, simply drag and drop them into the app or click on the “Upload” button.

5. Organize your files: Once your files are uploaded to cloud storage, you can organize them into folders and subfolders.

6. Access your files: You can access your files from any device that is connected to the internet, such as a laptop, tablet, or smartphone.

7. Sync your files: You can choose to sync your files between your computer and cloud storage. This means that any changes you make to a file on one device will be automatically updated on all other devices that are connected to the cloud storage service.

Note: Be sure to read the terms of service and privacy policy for the cloud storage service you choose to use. Also, remember to back up your files in multiple locations to ensure that you don’t lose important data. If you’d like to know more about cloud storage check out our post about it.


5. Remove Duplicate Files:

Use a duplicate file finder to locate and delete duplicate files that are taking up unnecessary space.

To find and remove duplicate files from your PC, follow these steps:

  1. Use a duplicate file finder program: There are several duplicate file finder programs available for Windows, such as CCleaner, Duplicate Cleaner, and Auslogics Duplicate File Finder. Download and install one of these programs.
  2. Open the duplicate file finder program: Open the duplicate file finder program you have installed.
  3. Select the folders you want to scan: Choose the folders you want to scan for duplicate files. You can choose to scan specific folders or your entire computer.
  4. Start the scan: Start the scan to find duplicate files. The program will compare file names, sizes, and contents to identify duplicates.
  5. Review the results: Once the scan is complete, review the results to see which files are duplicates.
  6. Select the duplicates you want to remove: Select the duplicates you want to remove. You can choose to remove all duplicates or select duplicates individually.
  7. Delete the duplicates: Delete the duplicates using the duplicate file finder program. Some programs may move the duplicates to a separate folder or send them to the Recycle Bin.
  8. Empty the Recycle Bin: If the duplicates are sent to the Recycle Bin, make sure to empty the Recycle Bin to free up space on your computer.

Note: Be careful when deleting files as this action is permanent and cannot be undone. Make sure that you only delete duplicate files and not files that you need.


6. Clear your Browser Cache:

Web browsers store files, such as images and videos, to improve performance. Clearing your browser cache can free up space on your hard drive.

To clear your browser cache, follow these steps:

1. Open your web browser (Edge, Chrome, Firefox, Etc.)

2. Click on the three dots or gear icon in the upper right-hand corner of the browser window.

3. Select “Settings” or “Options” from the drop-down menu.

4. In the settings or options menu, navigate to the section for “Privacy & Security” or “History.”

5. Click on “Clear browsing data” or “Clear history.”

6. Choose the time range for which you want to clear the cache. You can choose to clear data from the past hour, day, week, month, or all time.

7. Check the box next to “Cached images and files” or “Browser cache.”

8. Click on “Clear data” or “Clear history” to delete the cache.

9. Close and reopen your browser to complete the process.

Note: Clearing your browser cache can delete stored login information, so be sure to remember your passwords or have them stored in a password manager.


7. Compress Files:

Compressing files, such as large videos or photos, can free up space on your hard drive. Use a tool like WinZip or 7-Zip to compress files.

To compress large files on your computer, follow these steps:

1. Select the file or files you want to compress: Right-click on the file or files and select “Send to” and then “Compressed (zipped) folder.”

2. Rename the compressed folder: The compressed folder will have the same name as the original file or files, with the addition of “.zip” at the end. You can rename the compressed folder if you wish.

3. Move the compressed folder to your desired location: You can move the compressed folder to a different location on your computer, or you can upload it to a cloud storage service, such as Google Drive or Dropbox.

Alternatively, you can use a third-party compression tool, such as WinZip or 7-Zip, to compress large files. To use one of these tools, follow these steps:

1. Download and install the compression tool.

2. Open the compression tool and navigate to the file or files you want to compress.

3. Select the file or files and click on “Add” or “Compress.”

4. Choose the compression settings you want to use, such as the level of compression or the file format.

5. Click on “OK” or “Compress” to compress the files.

6. Move the compressed files to your desired location.

Note: Compressing files can reduce their size, but it may also reduce the quality of the files, depending on the compression settings you choose.


8. Move Files to an External Hard Drive:

Move files that you don’t need on your computer to an external hard drive to free up space on your computer.

To move large files to your external drive, follow these steps:

1. Connect your external drive to your computer: Use a USB cable to connect your external drive to your computer.

2. Open File Explorer: Click on the File Explorer icon in the taskbar or press the Windows key + E.

3. Navigate to the file or files you want to move: Use File Explorer to navigate to the folder where the file or files you want to move are located.

4. Select the file or files you want to move: Click on the file or files to select them. You can select multiple files by holding down the Ctrl key while clicking on the files.

5. Right-click on the selected file or files: This will bring up a context menu.

6. Click on “Cut” or press Ctrl + X: This will cut the file or files from their current location.

7. Navigate to your external drive: Use File Explorer to navigate to your external drive.

8. Right-click in the destination folder: This will bring up a context menu.

9. Click on “Paste” or press Ctrl + V: This will paste the file or files into the destination folder on your external drive.

10. Wait for the transfer to complete: The transfer may take some time, depending on the size of the file or files and the speed of your external drive.

Note: Be sure to eject your external drive safely before disconnecting it from your computer to avoid data loss or corruption.


The information provided in this post is for educational and informational purposes only. While the steps provided may help you improve the performance of your computer, there is no guarantee that they will solve any issues that you may be experiencing. Performing any of the tasks mentioned without professional assistance may cause unintended consequences, including data loss or damage to your computer. We recommend that you consult with a professional if you are not familiar with the steps involved in any of the tasks mentioned or if you are experiencing any issues with your computer that you cannot resolve on your own. The use of any of the information provided is at your own risk. The author and publisher of this conversation disclaim any liability for any damages or losses that may result from the use of the information provided.

loganRunning Low on Disk Space? Here are Eight Elegant Solutions
read more

Common Tech Support Scams and How to Avoid Them

In today’s digital age, technology plays a significant role in our daily lives. However, with the advancement of technology, cyber criminals have found new ways to exploit unsuspecting users through various scams. Tech support scams are some of the most common and persistent forms of cyberattacks that can lead to financial loss and compromise personal information. This article will shed light on common tech support scams and provide you with essential tips to avoid falling victim to these malicious schemes.

Cold Calls

Cold calls are unsolicited phone calls from individuals claiming to represent reputable tech companies, such as Microsoft or Apple. These scammers often claim that your computer or device has been infected with viruses or malware, and they offer to fix the issue remotely. In reality, they are attempting to gain unauthorized access to your device to steal personal information or install malicious software.

How to avoid:

  • Be cautious of unsolicited calls, especially if they ask for remote access to your device.
  • Verify the caller’s identity by contacting the company they claim to represent through official channels.
  • Hang up immediately if you suspect the call is a scam.

Fake Pop-up Warnings

Pop-up warnings are fake alerts that appear on your device, stating that your computer is infected with a virus or has encountered a serious problem. These warnings typically encourage you to contact a tech support number or download a specific software to resolve the issue. However, doing so can grant scammers access to your device or personal information.

Here is an example of a pop up scam

How to avoid:

  • Never call a phone number displayed in a pop-up alert.
  • Keep your computer’s security software up to date, and rely on it to detect and remove malware.
  • Close suspicious pop-ups using the “X” button or by using Task Manager (Ctrl + Alt + Del) on Windows or Force Quit on Mac.

Phishing Emails

Phishing emails are designed to look like legitimate messages from well-known companies. They often contain links or attachments that, when clicked, can install malware on your device or direct you to a fake website where scammers can steal your personal information.

Here is a Paypal Phishing email

How to avoid:

  • Don’t click on links or download attachments from unfamiliar sources.
  • Check the sender’s email address for any discrepancies or unusual characters. (see 1 above)
  • Verify the legitimacy of the email by contacting the company directly through official channels.

Tech Support Refund Scams

In this scam, cyber criminals pose as representatives of a tech support company and claim that you are entitled to a refund for previous services. They ask for your bank account or credit card information to process the refund, but instead, they use this information to steal your money.

How to avoid:

  • Never provide financial information or personal details over the phone or email.
  • Verify the legitimacy of the refund claim by contacting the company directly through official channels. Not through links or numbers provided by an unknown person.
  • Be cautious of unsolicited calls or emails offering refunds for tech support services.

Conclusion

Tech support scams are a growing threat in the digital world, targeting unsuspecting users and causing financial loss and identity theft. By staying vigilant and following the tips mentioned above, you can significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to these malicious schemes. Remember to have a good anti-virus, keep your device’s software updated, be cautious of unsolicited calls and emails, and always verify the legitimacy of tech support claims before providing any personal or financial information.

loganCommon Tech Support Scams and How to Avoid Them
read more

How to Setup Multiple Monitors in Windows 10

Below is a step by step guide to setting up and configuring multiple monitors in windows 10. Although all versions of windows use the same settings the wording might be a little different if you have an older version of windows.

 

Step 1:  Connect Monitor Cable to Computer and plug into wall outlet.

Step 2: Right Click on the desktop; from the drop-down menu select “Display Settings”extend1

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.1: You should see the following window:display2

 

2.2: From “display” look for “multiple monitors”. Then click that drop-down and select “Extend these displays”display-3

2.3: Click “Apply”

2.4: When prompted select “Keep Changes”

display-4

 

Each monitor you connect is assigned a number, in this case a 1 or 2. This allows you to easily see which monitor is which in front of you. For instance say that the computer setup the monitor on your left as “2” well that means your mouse pointer will not go from left to right.  If you want to change the location of the monitor without physically moving the monitor go to step 3.

Your “Primary” monitor is where all your desktop icons appear. If you want to rearrange which monitor is primary go to step 4.

 

Step 3: At the top of the “Display” window click and drag the # “2” monitor to the side of # “1” where you want it to be located.

If you need to rearrange the monitor to the left it should look like this:

monitormove

If you need to rearrange the monitor to the right it should look like this:

monitormove2

*note if your primary monitor is on the right your icon’s appear on the right

3.1: Click “Apply” at the bottom of the settings window

 

To change your primary display to the second monitor follow the steps below

Step 4: Select (click) Monitor #2 at the top of the Settings > Display window. It will highlight to a blue color as shown above.

4.1: Scroll down to the bottom of the settings window and select the check box that says “make this my main display”monitormove3

4.2: Click “Apply”

 

Now you know how to setup a monitors orientation in windows 10 with ease!

loganHow to Setup Multiple Monitors in Windows 10
read more